Flame Test
Identify the presence of metal ions through their characteristic flame colors
Click the air slot control to switch flame types.
Experimental Procedure
Wire Preparation Required
- 1Clean the Nichrome / Platinum wire with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
- 2Open the Bunsen burner's air slot to get a non-luminous flame, then heat the wire until colorless.
- 3Dip the clean wire into the metal sample.
- 4Place the wire tip just above the inner blue cone of the flame.
- 5Observe and compare the characteristic flame color.
Select Metal Ion
Safety Guide
- Wear safety goggles and gloves throughout the experiment.
- Concentrated HCl is corrosive; avoid contact with skin and eyes.
- Use a small amount of chemical to avoid splattering.
- Keep hair and loose clothing away from the flame.
- The metal wire is very hot after heating; do not touch it directly.
- Heat the wire gently and never point the flame at others.
HKDSE Tip
- Luminous flame:Never use a yellow, sooty luminous flame (air slot closed) to do the test, as the flame's own color will interfere with your results.
- Acid used:Never use sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) or nitric acid (HNO₃) to clean the wire; you must use concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- Sodium contamination:Because sodium is ubiquitous, a tiny trace can produce a strong yellow flame that completely masks the colors of other ions. Always clean the wire until the flame is invisible/blue before testing.
💡 Checkpoint
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